Defense Spending Promotes Aggregate Output in the United States--Evidence from Cointegration Analysis

This paper provides new evidence on the question of the effects of defense spending on aggregate output in the United States. Earlier studies of this basic issue relied on traditional econometric techniques and the neoclassical production function theory. In this paper, recently developed cointegration methodology and modeling that is inspired by new macroeconomic theory is employed. The results from earlier studies concerning the effects of defense spending are mixed. The findings presented in this paper reveal that there is a quantitatively important and positive relation between defense spending and aggregate output in the United States.     

武警院校指挥类“合训”学员军事素质科学评价研究

针对武警部队第一批指挥类“合训”学员,选取部分“合训”学员的军事体能考核成绩,利用多元统计中的主成分分析方法,构造科学、客观的评价函数,对学员军事体能考核指标体系进行综合评价,并对每一名学员考核成绩排序,为武警部队“合训”学员教学、管理提供参考。     

基于排队论的协同防空的作战效能分析

舰艇编队协同防空作战成为未来海战的重要形式,运用排队论对舰艇编队协同防空的作战效能进行了研究。以排队理论为基础建立了舰艇编队协同防空的排队模型,运用理论分析得到了以整个编队毁伤目标概率为指标的防空效能。通过对防空效能的计算与仿真,分析了几个重要参数对防空效能的影响,为多层舰艇防空系统的设计与运用提供了理论支持。     

探索性分析在作战实验中的应用

现代作战系统特征复杂,采用当前的作战实验方法对作战运行规律进行分析研究时,层次较低、缺乏整体性、对作战行为指导意义不明显。针对此问题,结合探索性分析思想,提出一种基于探索性分析的作战实验方法,设计了方法的研究框架,给出了主要研究内容的关键技术解决方法。最后,进行了实例分析,结果表明,方法在作战方案优化方面能起到较好的效果。     

Economic impact of the ministry of defence’s budget: methodological design and results for the Spanish economy

This article analyses the economic impact of the expenditure budget of the Spanish Ministry of Defence (MoD) and its Autonomous Agencies (AA), distinguishing direct, indirect and induced effects. The input–output methodology is used to find intersectoral effects on the rest of the economy. The article quantifies the economic impact in terms of production, gross value added (GVA), employed population, tax revenue, and also in terms of its contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) of Spain in 2010. The results show that the activity of the MoD and AA generates 1.2% of the country’s GDP and 1.7% of total employment in that year.     

ATAM方法及其在C4ISR系统体系结构评价中的应用

ATAM(Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method)方法是一种评价信息系统体系结构级设计的方法,它通过对诸如性能、可更改性、可靠性、安全性等多个质量属性的分析来确定体系结构设计中的折衷点,从而降低设计风险.介绍了ATAM方法的基本概念、步骤,并给出了该方法在C4ISR系统体系结构评价中的一个应用实例.     

GNSS双接收机抗欺骗技术

欺骗干扰能使目标接收机得出错误的位置、时间结果,是GNSS应用安全性的一个严重威胁。提出一种利用两个接收机伪距测量值单差的抗欺骗方法,利用方差分析技术推导基于伪距单差的欺骗信号最优检测量,并分析检测量的统计特性。经分析,接收机噪声、接收机基线长度和卫星个数等参数对检测性能的影响较大;在接收机噪声和卫星个数未知的情况下,可以通过增大接收机基线长度来提高检测性能。仿真结果表明,当接收机间的基线长度为10 m时,0.01虚警概率下,欺骗信号的检测概率可达98%。     

武器装备软件的可靠性分析综述

首先论述了武器装备软件可靠性的重要性,指出了软件可靠性与硬件可靠性的主要区别,并依据装备软件研制总要求及武器装备软件的特点分析了装备软件可靠性的内涵、特点,介绍了装备软件可靠性指标的确定、软件可靠性模型以及装备软件可靠性的评估,最后分析讨论了几种提高武器装备软件可靠性的方法与途径。     

Fabrication and analysis of TIG welding-brazing butt joints of in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2

Lightweight hybrid structures of Al MMCs and titanium alloy dissimilar materials have great prospect in the defence industry application. So, it is necessary to join Al MMCs with Ti metal to achieve this structural design. In this work, in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2 were firstly attempted to join by TIG welding-brazing technique. The result was that the intact welding-brazing butt joint was successfully fabricated. The joint presents dual characteristics, being a brazing on TA2 side and a welding on TiB2/7050 side. At brazing joint side, ER4043 filler metal effectively wets on TA2 under TIG heating condition, and a continuous interfacial reaction layer with 1—3μm is formed at welded metal/TA2 interface. The whole interfacial reaction layers are composed of Ti(AlSi)3 intermetallic compounds (IMCs), but their morphologies at the different regions present obvious distinguishes. The microhardness of the reaction layers is as much as 141—190 HV. At welding joints side, the fusion zone appears the equixaed crystal structure, and the grain sizes are much smaller than those of welded metal, which is attributed to the effect of TiB2 particulates from the melted TiB2/7050 on acceleration formation and inhibiting growth for the new crystal nucleus. The tensile test results show that average tensile strength of the optimal welding-brazing joint is able to achieve 138 MPa. The failure of the tensile joint occurs by quasi-cleavage pattern, and the cracks initiate from the IMCs layer at the groove surface of TA2 and propagate into the welded metal.     

学生“隐性流失”的法律关系分析

因学校对学生及其家长施加种种压力而产生的学生“隐性流失”是“普九”中的普遍现象。“隐性流失”从法律关系的角度看 ,其实质是九年制义务教育法律关系中义务人对权利人接受并完成九年制义务教育权利实施侵害甚至剥夺的结果 ,是对我国教育法律规范侵犯的结果。从违法行为人主观方面看 ,“隐性流失”包含的违法有两种 :一是主观故意的违法 ,二是主观过失的违法。确保学校和政府的“义务人”法律地位 ,应该成为控制“隐性流失”的关键。